![]() Heart rate, systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure were measured in duplicate with a Dinamap Critikon 1846SX (Critikon Inc, Tampa, FL), from which we calculated means. All available measurements were used to calculate means. We performed all measurements in duplicate, and, if the difference between these measurements exceeded a predefined value, a third measurement was performed. The hip circumference was measured over both trochanter majores (tangible bone on the outside of the hip joint). We measured waist circumference at the midpoint between the lower costal margin and the iliac crest. Body mass index (BMI in kg/m2) was also calculated. We measured weight and height using regularly calibrated equipment (scales and stadiometer models 770 and 214, respectively Seca, Hamburg, Germany). Participants were obtained from the Scientific Wellness Program. Polgenic HBL was defined by a polygenic risk score (PRS) 1 upper limit of normal (>97.5th percentile) were considered to likely have liver injury.Įuropean, Asian unspecified, Hispanic or Latin American, African unspecified, NRĮuropean = 1,999, Asian unspecified = 228, Hispanic or Latin American = 101, African unspecified = 51, Not reported = 152 Of the 111 individuals with HBL, 38 had polygenic HBL, 40 had monogenic HBL and 33 had HBL from an unknown cause. For the UK Biobank, retrospecitvie ASCVD was self reported and prospective ASCVD were defined using hospital episode statistics and 10th revision of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems diagnosis codes and OPCS Classification of Interventions and Procedures version 4 procedure codesĬases from the Oxford FH study (OXFH) and the Simon Broome British Heart Foundation Study (SBFH)Ĭases were individuals with hypobetalipoproteinemia (HBL). Individuals who were positive for a LDLR, APOB, or PCSK9 variant that was deemed to cause FH in the UKB cohort.Any atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) event, which was defined as myocardial infarction, coronary artery disease or carotid revascularization, transient ischemic attack or stroke. Fasting clinical lipid profiles were obtained following a 4-week washout of any cholesterol-lowering medications from the CNMA cohort. ![]() Individuals who were positive for the common French Canadian variant in the LDLR gene including del.15 kb of the promoter and exon 1, del.5 kb of exons 2 and 3, p.W66G (exon 3), p.E207K (exon 4), p.Y468X (exon 10), or p.C646Y (exon 14) in this study. Individuals ≥18 years with clinically diagnosed heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) from the BCFH cohort. Only participants from Miyagi Prefecture were includedĮuropean, African unspecified, East Asian, South Asian Ischemic stroke was defined on the basis of codes 434 or 436 (ICD-9) and I63 or I64 (ICD-10). Myocardial infarction was defined on the basis of codes 410 and I21 in the International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision and 10th Revision (ICD-9 and ICD-10), respectively. Death from coronary heart disease was defined on the basis of codes 412 and 414 (ICD-9) or I22–I23 and I25 (ICD-10) in the Swedish Cause of Death Register. Reported Trait: Incident Peripheral Artery DiseaseĬomposite end point of cardiovascular events was defined as myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, and death from coronary heart disease. ![]()
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